<HTML><BODY style="word-wrap: break-word; -khtml-nbsp-mode: space; -khtml-line-break: after-white-space; "><DIV class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF" size="6"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><B>DISCCRS News</B></SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;"><B>3/2/2007</B></SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><SPAN style="">************************************<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><SPAN style=""><B>TABLE OF CONTENTS</B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF" size="6"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><B><I>RESOURCES and FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES</I></B></SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>PolarPower.org - Remote Power Systems for Polar Environments - New Website </B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://polarpower.org/"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://polarpower.org</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style="">/<O:P></O:P> </SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>US National Research Council's Committee on Human Dimensions of Global Change.</B></SPAN><SPAN style=""> Since the mid-1980s they have issued a series of reports that are highly interdisciplinary and deal with a variety of topics related to global change.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www7.nationalacademies.org/hdgc/"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www7.nationalacademies.org/hdgc/</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>The DIALOG/DISCCRS website has resources for early career development, as does The Cutting Edge website </B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://marcus.whitman.edu/~weilercs/resources/"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://marcus.whitman.edu/~weilercs/resources/</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/index.html"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/index.html</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"></SPAN> (see RESOURCES 1 below)<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF"><B> </B></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF" size="6"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><B><I>SCIENCE NEWS</I></B></SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>United States Launches New International Polar Year – NSF press release 07-017 – February 28, 2007</B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=pr07017"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=pr07017</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>An Early Environmentalist, Embracing New 'Heresies'</B></SPAN><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/27/science/earth/27tier.html?ref=environment"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/27/science/earth/27tier.html?ref=environment</FONT></SPAN></A></DIV><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(see NEWS 1 below)<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>Global Climate Change: Taking the Battle to the Campus</B></SPAN><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=8822"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=8822</FONT></SPAN></A></DIV><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(see NEWS 2 below)<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>Huge Polar Study About to Begin</B></SPAN><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6389857.stm"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6389857.stm</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Or: </SPAN><A href="http://tinyurl.com/2dscwh"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://tinyurl.com/2dscwh</FONT></SPAN></A></DIV><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(see NEWS 3 below)<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>Global Warming: Enough to Make You Sick</B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.latimes.com/news/science/la-sci-disease25feb25,1,1099294.story"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www.latimes.com/news/science/la-sci-disease25feb25,1,1099294.story</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Or: </SPAN><A href="http://tinyurl.com/324oof"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://tinyurl.com/324oof</FONT></SPAN></A></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(see NEWS 4 below)<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>Conservation May Limit Global Warming</B></SPAN><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.latimes.com/news/science/la-sci-warming28feb28,1,5415497.story"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www.latimes.com/news/science/la-sci-warming28feb28,1,5415497.story</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""> Or: </SPAN><A href="http://tinyurl.com/2cffsx"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://tinyurl.com/2cffsx</FONT></SPAN></A></DIV><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(see NEWS 5 below)<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>Ice Shelf Collapses Reveal New Species, Ecosystem Changes</B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/02/070227-polar-species.html"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/02/070227-polar-species.html</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Or: </SPAN><A href="http://tinyurl.com/2t26hg"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://tinyurl.com/2t26hg</FONT></SPAN></A></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(see NEWS 6 below)<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF"><B> </B></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF" size="6"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><B><I>SUMMER PROGRAMS, COURSES, INTERNSHIPS, MEETINGS, OPPORTUNITIES</I></B></SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>Workshop: “Climate Change in South-Eastern European countries: Causes, Impacts, Solutions” - Joanneum Research - March 26-27, 2007 - Graz, (Austria) </B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The workshop’s objectives are: 1)-To strengthen and improve the multidisciplinary approach to climate change related issues <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>2) -To generate ideas for research projects <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>3) -To meet potential research partners <O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.joanneum.at/climate/Workshop_Draft%20programme.html"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www.joanneum.at/climate/Workshop_Draft%20programme.html</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""> <O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>Three On the Cutting Edge Workshops: 1) Early Career Geoscience Faculty: Teaching, Research, and Managing Your Career; 2) Designing Innovative and Effective Courses; and 3) Preparing for an Academic Career in the Geosciences (for grad students and post-docs)</B></SPAN><B></B></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><B><SPAN style=""><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"> (see WORKSHOPS 1 below)</SPAN></SPAN></B></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF" size="6"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><B><I>JOBS</I></B></SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>PhD Position - Arctic Water Source Dynamics, Stream Habitat and Biodiversity In a Changing Climate: A Field-based Investigation In Swedish Lappland - Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences (GEES) - University of Birmingham - Birmingham (UK)</B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><A href="http://www.gees.bham.ac.uk/research/postgradresearch/physical"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www.gees.bham.ac.uk/research/postgradresearch/physical</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>- linked under "Fluvial and Ecological Processes" on the GEES website<FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF"><B> </B></FONT></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF"><B></B></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(see JOB 1 below)<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><B>Research Scholar - Atmospheric Pollution and Economic Development (APD) Program - International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) - Austria</B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Admin/PE/Jobs/2007-01-apd-rs-mod.html"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Admin/PE/Jobs/2007-01-apd-rs-mod.html</FONT></SPAN></A></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(see JOB 2 below)<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">***************************************************</FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF" size="6"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><B>Science News</B></SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">(NEWS 1) <B>An Early Environmentalist, Embracing New 'Heresies'</B></SPAN><SPAN style=""> <O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/27/science/earth/27tier.html?ref=environment"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/27/science/earth/27tier.html?ref=environment</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Stewart Brand has become a heretic to environmentalism, a movement he helped found, but he doesn't plan to be isolated for long. He expects that environmentalists will soon share his affection for nuclear power. They'll lose their fear of population growth and start appreciating sprawling megacities. They'll stop worrying about "frankenfoods" and embrace genetic engineering.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>He predicts that all this will happen in the next decade, which sounds rather improbable — or at least it would if anyone else had made the prediction. But when it comes to anticipating the zeitgeist, never underestimate Stewart Brand.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>He divides environmentalists into romantics and scientists, the two cultures he's been straddling and blending since the 1960s. He was with the Merry Pranksters and the Grateful Dead at their famous Trips Festival in San Francisco, directing a multimedia show called "America Needs Indians." That's somewhere in the neighborhood of romantic....<O:P></O:P> <O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">********************<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">(NEWS 2) <B>Global Climate Change: Taking the Battle to the Campus</B></SPAN><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=8822"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=8822</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>We are at last awakening to the reality of global climate change. The report this month by the worldwide team of scientists of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stated that global warming is unequivocal and that most of the warming over the last half century is likely due to greenhouse gas emissions from human activity. No previous report of the respected panel, which was formed in 1988, has been so conclusive. There is less certitude about what to do and who will take the initiative.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Governments and corporations are obvious candidates for leadership in confronting the threat of global climate change. But there is also need to take the battle to university campuses, where the world's future leaders should join the fight by taking measures that communities at large will be asked to adopt. ********************<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">(NEWS 3) <B>Huge Polar Study About to Begin</B></SPAN><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6389857.stm"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6389857.stm</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Or: </SPAN><A href="http://tinyurl.com/2dscwh"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://tinyurl.com/2dscwh</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>BBC News Online - The largest polar research programme for 50 years gets under way this week. International Polar Year (IPY) will see thousands of scientists, from more than 60 nations, working together on 220 projects at high latitudes. Scientists hope to improve their understanding of how changes to the polar regions affect the planet.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>IPY will be officially launched in Paris on 1 March, but the UK's programme, involving 65 institutions, was unveiled on Monday in London. IPY actually runs for two years in order to allow equal coverage of both the Arctic and the Antarctic. It is organised by the International Council for Science (ICSU) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>There have been three previous IPYs - held in 1882-83, 1932-33 and 1957-58 - each of which led to scientists gaining a much better knowledge of the remote regions. The UK research programme was unveiled at a ceremony, attended by the Princess Royal, at the Royal Society in central London.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal">********************</DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">(NEWS 4) <B>Global Warming: Enough to Make You Sick</B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.latimes.com/news/science/la-sci-disease25feb25,1,1099294.story"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www.latimes.com/news/science/la-sci-disease25feb25,1,1099294.story</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Or: </SPAN><A href="http://tinyurl.com/324oof"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://tinyurl.com/324oof</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Los Angeles Times (registration required) - CORDOVA, ALASKA - Rising temperatures are redistributing bacteria, insects and plants, exposing people to diseases they'd never encountered before. Oysterman Jim Aguiar had never had to deal with the bacterium <I>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</I></SPAN><SPAN style=""> in his 25 years working the frigid waters of Prince William Sound. The dangerous microbe infected seafood in warmer waters like the Gulf of Mexico. Alaska was way too cold.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>But the sound was gradually warming. By summer 2004, the temperature had risen just enough to poke above the crucial 59-degree mark. Cruise ship passengers who had eaten local oysters were soon coming down with diarrhea, cramping and vomiting - the first cases of <I>Vibrio</I></SPAN><SPAN style=""> food poisoning in Alaska that anyone could remember...As scientists later determined, the culprit was not just the bacterium, but the warming that allowed it to proliferate.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>"This was probably the best example to date of how global climate change is changing the importation of infectious diseases," said Dr. Joe McLaughlin, acting chief of epidemiology at the Alaska Division of Public Health, who published a study on the outbreak.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal">********************</DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">(NEWS 5) <B>Conservation May Limit Global Warming</B></SPAN><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.latimes.com/news/science/la-sci-warming28feb28,1,5415497.story"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www.latimes.com/news/science/la-sci-warming28feb28,1,5415497.story</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""> Or: </SPAN><A href="http://tinyurl.com/2cffsx"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://tinyurl.com/2cffsx</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Los Angeles Times (Registration Required) - UNITED NATIONS - Dramatic worldwide climate changes can no longer be avoided, but there is still time to stave off the worst consequences of global warming, an international research team said Tuesday.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The scientists from 11 countries urged sweeping conservation measures to hold the expected increase in temperatures to no more than an average of 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit - less than half the expected increase if emissions of greenhouse gas and soot continue unabated.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Based on two years of study, the scientists called for bold actions, including carbon taxes, a ban on conventional coal-fired power plants and an end to beachfront construction worldwide. The researchers were financed by the nonprofit United Nations Foundation and the 60,000-member research society Sigma Xi.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>"Unlike many reports from scientists, this report gives very clear recommendations for what the international community and nations themselves must do to mitigate and adapt to climate change," said biodiversity expert Peter Raven, director of the Missouri Botanical Garden, who helped prepare a Sigma Xi study.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal">********************</DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">(NEWS 6) <B>Ice Shelf Collapses Reveal New Species, Ecosystem Changes</B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/02/070227-polar-species.html"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/02/070227-polar-species.html</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Or: </SPAN><A href="http://tinyurl.com/2t26hg"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://tinyurl.com/2t26hg</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>National Geographic News - Even before the global launch of International Polar Year this Thursday, scientists are announcing some unusual discoveries from the cold waters off the Antarctic Peninsula. The collapse of two massive ice shelves in the past 12 years has opened a window onto a pristine - but rapidly changing - underwater world, an expedition team reported on Sunday.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>In the first comprehensive survey of the region, 52 explorers aboard the research vessel Polarstern captured a glimpse of about a thousand rarely seen species of marine wildlife. Several of the creatures may prove to be new to science, including a 1-inch-long (2.5-centimeter-long) shrimplike crustacean and a giant Antarctic barnacle...<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The team also found a potentially new sea anemone that lives on the back of a snail. The venomous anemone, the scientists said, helps protect the snail from predators while the snail transports the anemone to new food sources.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">***************************************************</FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF" size="6"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><B>Summer Programs, Courses, Internships, Meetings, Opportunities</B></SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">(WORKSHOPS 1)<B> Three On the Cutting Edge Workshops: 1) Early Career Geoscience Faculty: Teaching, Research, and Managing Your Career; 2) Designing Innovative and Effective Courses; and 3) Preparing for an Academic Career in the Geosciences (for grad students and post-docs)</B></SPAN><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Many of the on-site workshop expenses including food and lodging are covered for the workshops. Participants or their departments pay for their travel to the workshop and, for some workshops, a registration fee. We also have a workshop stipend award program for those who have limited resources. The website provides more information about the various workshops. These workshops are part of the professional development program, On the Cutting Edge, which is funded by a grant from the NSF Division of Undergraduate Education.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>WORKSHOPS FOR FACULTY:<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Early Career Faculty Workshop: Teaching, Research, and Managing Your Career - June 13-17, 2007 College of William and Mary - Co-conveners: Heather Macdonald, Richelle Allen-King, and Richard Yuretich<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Application Deadline: March 15, 2007<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/earlycareer07/index.html"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/earlycareer07/index.html</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Designing Effective and Innovative Courses in the Geosciences - July 30-August 3, 2007 (on-line, virtual workshop) - July 8-12, 2007 (face-to-face workshop) Hamilton College, Clinton, NY - Co-conveners: Barbara Tewksbury and Charlotte Mehrtens<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Application Deadline: March 15, 2007<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/coursedesign07/index.html"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/coursedesign07/index.html</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>WORKSHOP FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS AND POST-DOCS<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Preparing for an Academic Career in the Geosciences: A Workshop for Graduate Students and Post-doctoral Fellows - August 2-5, 2007, University of Wisconsin, Madison - Co-conveners: Heather Macdonald and Robyn Wright Dunbar<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Application Deadline: March 15, 2007<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/careerprep07/index.html"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/careerprep07/index.html</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"><SPAN style=""></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">***************************************************</FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF" size="6"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><B>Jobs</B></SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">Planktonnet: Great listserv for aquatic-science jobs<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">To subscribe to the list, send an empty email to:<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><A href="mailto:planktonnet-subscribe@yahoogroups.com"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">planktonnet-subscribe@yahoogroups.com</FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">Or, visit <A href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/planktonnet/"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/planktonnet/</FONT></SPAN></A> and click on 'Join this group'<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal">********************<O:P></O:P></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(JOB 1) <B>PhD Position - Arctic Water Source Dynamics, Stream Habitat and Biodiversity In a Changing Climate: A Field-based Investigation In Swedish Lappland - Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences (GEES) - University of Birmingham - Birmingham (UK)</B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><A href="http://www.gees.bham.ac.uk/research/postgradresearch/physical"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www.gees.bham.ac.uk/research/postgradresearch/physical</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>- linked under "Fluvial and Ecological Processes" on the GEES website<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><B>Application Deadline: Friday, 16 March 2007</B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences (GEES) at University of Birmingham invites applications for a PhD position as part of the project "Arctic water source dynamics, stream habitat and biodiversity in a changing climate: a field-based investigation in Swedish Lappland."<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The PhD position involves linking changes in water source contributions to physico-chemical habitat and stream biodiversity, thereby providing a tool for assessing the vulnerability of arctic ecosystems to climate change.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Arctic stream ecosystems are influenced significantly by cryospheric and hydrological processes due to strong links between atmospheric forcing, snow packs/glacier mass-balance, stream flow, water quality, hydrogeomorphology (physico-chemical habitat), and river ecology. Given anticipated climate change and potentially increased climatic variability, it is important to understand the impacts of altered snowmelt, glacier, permafrost, and groundwater contributions to arctic stream flow and their influence on benthic communities. Moreover, high climatic sensitivity and low human perturbation makes arctic river basins vital indicator systems for identifying early signals of, and subtle shifts in, hydrological and ecological response to climate change/variability.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Fieldwork will be conducted over two field seasons in the Karsavagge, a tributary to the Abisko River, Swedish Lappland. The field program will include (1) measurement of river discharge, electrical conductivity and turbidity, meteorological variables, and water column and streambed temperature (to investigate hydrological variability and habitat conditions); (2) collection of water samples for hydrochemical and water stable isotope analyses (to identify conceptual water sources and their dynamics); and (3) sampling of benthic communities. Monitoring sites will be located at key nodes along the river system to assess the potential hydroecological influences of decreasing glacial meltwater contribution/glacierized area, extra-glacial tributary inflows, and lakes and riparian forest cover. Stream temperature will be monitored year-round to give an indication of overwinter stream flow and habitat conditions.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>The PhD position will be supervised by Alexander M. Milner (E-mail: </SPAN><A href="mailto:a.m.milner@bham.ac.uk"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">a.m.milner@bham.ac.uk</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style="">)and David M. Hannah (E-mail: </SPAN><A href="mailto:d.m.hannah@bham.ac.uk"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">d.m.hannah@bham.ac.uk</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style="">), both of GEES at University of Birmingham.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>For application instructions, please contact: Gretchel Coldicott, Postgraduate Administrator GEES<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>E-mail: </SPAN><A href="mailto:G.Coldicott@bham.ac.uk"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">G.Coldicott@bham.ac.uk</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal">********************<O:P></O:P></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">(JOB 2) <B>Research Scholar - Atmospheric Pollution and Economic Development (APD) Program - International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) - Austria</B><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Admin/PE/Jobs/2007-01-apd-rs-mod.html"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Admin/PE/Jobs/2007-01-apd-rs-mod.html</FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></A></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><B>Closing date for applications: 1 April 2007. </B></SPAN><SPAN style="">Review of applications will begin immediately. <O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Tasks - The successful candidate will have responsibility for further developing and maintaining the GAINS model, a widely used integrated assessment modeling framework to analyze various aspects of climate change mitigation and air pollution control for European and Asian countries. This includes the collection and maintenance of technology data and the further development of the GAINS optimization framework, which is extensively used for policy applications. The incumbent will document the new aspects of the GAINS model and contribute to scientific publications on various aspects of modeling greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. Close interaction with other members of the interdisciplinary program team will be essential.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Profile - The candidate should have a PhD or equivalent in environmental engineering, environmental economics, operations research, environmetrics or related fields. He/she should have practical experience in complex bottom-up technological modeling and/or quantitative techno-economic assessments of emission control options for greenhouse gases in an international context. Familiarity with international databases (e.g., compiled by UNFCCC) would be an advantage. The candidate must have a good command of the English language. Familiarity with GAMS and basic knowledge in SQL are an asset.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Appointment Terms - The successful candidate will be offered an initial fixed-term contract for 12 months with the possibility of extension, beginning as soon as possible. The salary is competitive and commensurate with experience. </SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">**************************************************</FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style="">This newsletter has been developed by C. Susan Weiler to distribute information of potential interest to recent PhDs engaged in interdisciplinary aquatic science or climate-change research, and to build an international sense of community among recent grads. It provides an international forum for the exchange of information and opinions regarding research, professional and social issues. The views and opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the funding agencies or sponsoring societies. Dr. Weiler reserves the right to edit or reject material submitted to the list.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""> Please submit announcements of interest to recent PhDs to <A href="mailto:phd@whitman.edu"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">phd@whitman.edu</FONT></SPAN></A>. Send a short message in the body of an e-mail message, and link to any appropriate websites. Do not send attachments.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""> Moving? Send address changes to <A href="mailto:dialog@whitman.edu"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">dialog@whitman.edu</FONT></SPAN></A> or <A href="mailto:disccrs@whitman.edu"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">disccrs@whitman.edu</FONT></SPAN></A><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;">**********</SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;">C. Susan Weiler, Ph.D. </SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;">Office for Earth System Studies Tel: 509-527-5948 </SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;">Whitman College Fax: 509-527-5961</SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;">Walla Walla, WA 99362</SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style=""><A href="mailto:weiler@whitman.edu"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;">weiler@whitman.edu</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;"> </SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;"> Programs for Recent PhDs </SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style=""><A href="http://aslo.org/phd.html"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;">http://aslo.org/phd.html</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style=""><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;"> DISCCRS poster </SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style=""><A href="http://www.aslo.org/phd/disccrsposter.pdf"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;">http://www.aslo.org/phd/disccrsposter.pdf</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;"> </SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;"> Workshop Report, Meeting the Needs of </SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;"> Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Graduates in a </SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;"> Changing Global Environment</SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><A href="http://marcus.whitman.edu/~weilercs/biocomplexity/"><SPAN style="text-decoration: none; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;">http://marcus.whitman.edu/~weilercs/biocomplexity/</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;"> </SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"><SPAN style=""><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px;"> </SPAN></FONT><O:P></O:P></SPAN></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"> <O:P></O:P></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"> <O:P></O:P></DIV><DIV class="MsoNormal"> <O:P></O:P></DIV><BR></BODY></HTML>